# MongoCollection::findOne

(PECL mongo >=0.9.0)

MongoCollection::findOne — Queries this collection, returning a single element

### Description

public MongoCollection::findOne ([ array `$query` = array() [, array `$fields` = array() [, array `$options` = array() ]]] ) : array

As opposed to MongoCollection::find(), this method will return only the first result from the result set, and not a MongoCursor that can be iterated over.

### Parameters

`query`

  The fields for which to search. MongoDB's query language is quite extensive. The PHP driver will in almost all cases pass the query straight through to the server, so reading the MongoDB core docs on » find is a good idea.

  Warning

  Please make sure that for all special query operaters (starting with `$`) you use single quotes so that PHP doesn't try to replace `"$exists"` with the value of the variable `$exists`.

`fields`

  Fields of the results to return. The array is in the format `array('fieldname' => true, 'fieldname2' => true)`. The `_id` field is always returned.

`options`

  This parameter is an associative array of the form `array("name" => <value>, ...)`. Currently supported options are:

  - `"maxTimeMS"`

    Specifies a cumulative time limit in milliseconds for processing the operation on the server (does not include idle time). If the operation is not completed by the server within the timeout period, a MongoExecutionTimeoutException will be thrown.

### Return Values

Returns record matching the search or `NULL`.

### Errors/Exceptions

Throws MongoConnectionException if it cannot reach the database.

### Changelog

Version | Description
--- | ---
PECL mongo 1.5.0 | Added optional `options` argument.

### Examples

Example #1 MongoCollection::findOne() document by its id.

This example demonstrates how to find a single document in a collection by its id.

`<?php
$articles = $mongo->my_db->articles;
$article = $articles->findOne(array('_id' => new MongoId('47cc67093475061e3d9536d2')));
?>`

Example #2 MongoCollection::findOne() document by some condition.

This example demonstrates how to find a single document in a collection by some condition and limiting the returned fields.

`<?php
$users = $mongo->my_db->users;
$user = $users->findOne(array('username' => 'jwage'), array('password'));
print_r($user);
?>`

The above example will output something similar to:

    Array
    (
        [_id] => MongoId Object
            (
            )

        [password] => test
    )

Notice how even though the document does have a username field, we limited the results to only contain the password field.

### See Also

- MongoCollection::find() - Queries this collection, returning a MongoCursor for the result set
- MongoCollection::insert() - Inserts a document into the collection
- MongoDB core docs on » find.